﻿{"id":1348,"date":"2017-04-03T13:18:13","date_gmt":"2017-04-03T04:18:13","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/blog.chem.ryukoku.ac.jp\/wada\/?page_id=1348"},"modified":"2019-04-10T15:21:15","modified_gmt":"2019-04-10T06:21:15","slug":"presentation2017","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/blog.chem.ryukoku.ac.jp\/wada\/lecture-presentation\/presentation2017\/","title":{"rendered":"\u5b66\u4f1a\u30fb\u8b1b\u6f14\u767a\u8868\u30002017\u5e74\u5ea6(2017\u5e74\uff14\u6708\uff5e2018\u5e743\u6708)"},"content":{"rendered":"<h3>\u56fd\u5185\u5b66\u4f1a<\/h3>\n<b>1<\/b><sub>. <\/sub>\u300c\u901a\u5e38\u713c\u7d50\u6cd5\u306b\u3088\u308b0.9((Mg,Zn)1\/3Nb2\/3)<wbr>O3-0.1PbTiO3\u7cfb\u900f\u660e\u30bb\u30e9\u30df\u30c3\u30af\u30b9\u306e\u4f5c\u88fd\u300d<br>\n\u85e4\u4e95\u4e00\u90ce\u30fb<span style=\"margin: 0px; font-family: '\uff2d\uff33 \u660e\u671d',serif; font-size: 11pt;\"><span style=\"color: #000000;\">\u4e2d\u5d8b\u6c99\u5b63\u30fb\u548c\u7530\u9686\u535a<\/span><\/span>\n\u7b2c34\u56de\u5f37\u8a98\u96fb\u4f53\u5fdc\u7528\u4f1a\u8b70(FMA34)<br>\n2017\/5\/31\uff5e6\/3, \u30b3\u30fc\u30d7\u30a4\u30f3\u4eac\u90fd<br>\n<br>\n<strong><span style=\"color: #ff0000;\">[\u4f9d\u983c\u8b1b\u6f14]<\/span>\n2<\/strong>. \u300cX\u7dda\u56de\u6298\u306b\u3088\u308b\u7d50\u6676\u69cb\u9020\u8a55\u4fa1\u3068 CIS\u7cfb\u592a\u967d\u96fb\u6c60\u306b\u95a2\u4fc2\u3059\u308b\u72b6\u614b\u56f3\u300d<br>\n\u548c\u7530\u9686\u535a\u30fb\u524d\u7530\u3000\u6bc5<br>\n\u65e5\u672c\u5b66\u8853\u632f\u8208\u4f1a\u3000\u7523\u5b66\u5354\u529b\u7814\u7a76\u59d4\u54e1\u4f1a\u3000\u6b21\u4e16\u4ee3\u306e\u592a\u967d\u5149\u767a\u96fb\u30b7\u30b9\u30c6\u30e0\u7b2c175\u59d4\u54e1\u4f1a\u300c\u5316\u5408\u7269\u8584\u819c\u592a\u967d\u96fb\u6c60\u5206\u79d1\u4f1a\u300d\u7b2c7\u56de\u7814\u7a76\u4f1a\u300c\u5316\u5408\u7269\u8584\u819c\u592a\u967d\u96fb\u6c60\u3000\u590f\u306e\u5b66\u68212016\u300d<br>\n2017\u5e748\u670831\u65e5,&nbsp;\u97ff\u90fd\u30db\uff0d\u30eb<br>\n<strong><span style=\"color: #ff0000;\">[\u4f9d\u983c\u8b1b\u6f14]<\/span>\n3.<\/strong> \u300cCIS\u592a\u967d\u96fb\u6c60\uff1a\u30ad\uff0d\u30c6\u30af\u30ce\u30ed\u30b8\uff0d\u306e\u958b\u767a\u306f\u3069\u306e\u3088\u3046\u306b\u884c\u308f\u308c\u305f\u304b\u300d<br>\n\u591a\u5143\u7cfb\u5316\u5408\u7269\u30fb\u592a\u967d\u96fb\u6c60\u306e\u3053\u308c\u307e\u3067\u3068\u3053\u308c\u304b\u3089\uff0d\u591a\u5143\u7cfb\u5316\u5408\u7269\u30fb\u592a\u967d\u96fb\u6c60\u7814\u7a76\u4f1a\uff13\uff10\u5468\u5e74\u8a18\u5ff5\u30b7\u30f3\u30dd\u30b8\u30a6\u30e0\uff0d<br>\n\u548c\u7530\u9686\u535a<br>\n2017\u5e74\u7b2c78\u56de\u5fdc\u7528\u7269\u7406\u5b66\u4f1a\u79cb\u5b63\u5b66\u8853\u8b1b\u6f14\u4f1a<br>\n2017\u5e749\u67085\uff5e8\u65e5, \u798f\u5ca1\u56fd\u969b\u4f1a\u8b70\u5834<br>\n<br>\n<strong>4.<\/strong> \u300c\u30d1\u30eb\u30b9\u30ec\u30fc\u30b6\u30fc\u84b8\u7740\u6cd5\u3092\u7528\u3044\u305fNaNbO3-CaZrO3\u7cfb\u53cd\u5f37\u8a98\u96fb\u8584\u819c\u306e\u4f5c\u88fd\u300d<br>\n\u98ef\u7530\u967d\u4ecb\u30fb\u85e4\u4e95\u4e00\u90ce\u30fb\u548c\u7530\u9686\u535a<br>\n\u65e5\u672c\u30bb\u30e9\u30df\u30c3\u30af\u30b9\u5354\u4f1a\u3000\u7b2c30\u56de\u79cb\u5b63\u30b7\u30f3\u30dd\u30b8\u30a6\u30e0<br>\n2017\u5e749\u670819\uff5e21\u65e5, \u795e\u6238\u5927\u5b66<br>\n<br>\n<strong>5.<\/strong> \u300cCu(In,Ga)Se2, Cu(In,Ga)3Se5, Cu(In,Ga)5Se8\u7cfb\u592a\u967d\u96fb\u6c60\u6750\u6599\u306e\u7d50\u6676\u69cb\u9020\u3068\u5149\u5b66\u7684\u6027\u8cea\u300d<br>\n\u4e0a\u7530\u5065\u592a\u30fb\u524d\u7530 \u6bc5\u30fb\u548c\u7530\u9686\u535a<br>\n\u7b2c56\u56de\u30bb\u30e9\u30df\u30c3\u30af\u30b9\u57fa\u790e\u79d1\u5b66\u8a0e\u8ad6\u4f1a<br>\n2018\u5e741\u670811\uff5e12\u65e5, \u3064\u304f\u3070\u56fd\u969b\u4f1a\u8b70\u5834\uff08\u30a8\u30dd\u30ab\u30eb\/EPOCAL\uff09<br>\n<br>\n<strong>6.<\/strong> \u300cCu2Zn(Ge,Sn)S4\u53ca\u3073Cu2Zn(Ge,Sn)Se4\u7cfb\u592a\u967d\u96fb\u6c60\u6750\u6599\u306e\u5149\u5b66\u7684\u6027\u8cea\u3068\u96fb\u5b50\u72b6\u614b\u300d<br>\n\u8fbb \u5065\u52a9\u30fb\u524d\u7530 \u6bc5\u30fb\u548c\u7530\u9686\u535a<br>\n\u7b2c56\u56de\u30bb\u30e9\u30df\u30c3\u30af\u30b9\u57fa\u790e\u79d1\u5b66\u8a0e\u8ad6\u4f1a<br>\n2018\u5e741\u670811\uff5e12\u65e5, \u3064\u304f\u3070\u56fd\u969b\u4f1a\u8b70\u5834\uff08\u30a8\u30dd\u30ab\u30eb\/EPOCAL\uff09<br>\n<br>\n<strong>7.<\/strong>\u300c\u7b2c\u4e00\u539f\u7406\u8a08\u7b97\u3092\u7528\u3044\u305fCu(In,Ga)Se2\u53ca\u3073Cu2ZnSn(S,Se)4\u592a\u967d\u96fb\u6c60\u306e\u5149\u5438\u53ce\u5c64\/Mo\u96fb\u6975\u754c\u9762\u306e\u5b89\u5b9a\u6027\u306e\u8a55\u4fa1\u300d<br>\n\u7e41\u5be6\u7ae0\u592b\u30fb\u548c\u7530\u9686\u535a<br>\n2018\u5e74\u7b2c65\u56de\u5fdc\u7528\u7269\u7406\u5b66\u4f1a\u6625\u5b63\u5b66\u8853\u8b1b\u6f14\u4f1a<br>\n2018\u5e743\u670817\u65e5(\u571f) \u301c 20\u65e5(\u706b), \u65e9\u7a32\u7530\u5927\u5b66\u30fb\u897f\u65e9\u7a32\u7530\u30ad\u30e3\u30f3\u30d1\u30b9<br>\n<br>\n<strong>8.<\/strong>\u300cCu(In,Ga)Se2\u592a\u967d\u96fb\u6c60\u7528\u306e\u524d\u99c6\u7269\u8cea(In,Ga)2Se3\u306e\u7d50\u6676\u69cb\u9020\u3068\u5149\u5b66\u7684\u6027\u8cea\u300d<br>\n\u524d\u7530 \u6bc5\u30fb\u5317\u5ddd\u4ec1\u8863\u5948\u30fb\u548c\u7530\u9686\u535a<br>\n2018\u5e74\u7b2c65\u56de\u5fdc\u7528\u7269\u7406\u5b66\u4f1a\u6625\u5b63\u5b66\u8853\u8b1b\u6f14\u4f1a<br>\n2018\u5e743\u670817\u65e5(\u571f) \u301c 20\u65e5(\u706b), \u65e9\u7a32\u7530\u5927\u5b66\u30fb\u897f\u65e9\u7a32\u7530\u30ad\u30e3\u30f3\u30d1\u30b9<br>\n<br>\n<strong>9.<\/strong>\u300c(Cu,Ag)InSe2\u3068(Cu,Ag)In5Se8\u7cfb\u56fa\u6eb6\u4f53\u306e\u7d50\u6676\u69cb\u9020\u3068\u5149\u5b66\u7684\u6027\u8cea\u300d<br>\n\u77f3\u7530\u667a\u4e5f\u30fb\u524d\u7530 \u6bc5\u30fb\u548c\u7530\u9686\u535a<br>\n2018\u5e74\u7b2c65\u56de\u5fdc\u7528\u7269\u7406\u5b66\u4f1a\u6625\u5b63\u5b66\u8853\u8b1b\u6f14\u4f1a<br>\n2018\u5e743\u670817\u65e5(\u571f) \u301c 20\u65e5(\u706b), \u65e9\u7a32\u7530\u5927\u5b66\u30fb\u897f\u65e9\u7a32\u7530\u30ad\u30e3\u30f3\u30d1\u30b9<br>\n<br>\n<strong>10.<\/strong>\u300cBaCuSF\/ITO\u7a4d\u5c64\u819c\u306e\u4f5c\u88fd\u3068CdTe\u592a\u967d\u96fb\u6c60\u306e\u88cf\u9762\u96fb\u6975\u3078\u306e\u5fdc\u7528\u300d<br>\n\u4e09\u6728\u5065\u53f8\u30fb\u5ddd\u9089\u5229\u5e78\u30fb\u690e\u540d\u548c\u7531\u30fb\u5ca1\u672c\u7965\u592a\u30fb\u5ca1\u672c \u4fdd\u30fb\u548c\u7530\u9686\u535a<br>\n2018\u5e74\u7b2c65\u56de\u5fdc\u7528\u7269\u7406\u5b66\u4f1a\u6625\u5b63\u5b66\u8853\u8b1b\u6f14\u4f1a<br>\n2018\u5e743\u670817\u65e5(\u571f) \u301c 20\u65e5(\u706b), \u65e9\u7a32\u7530\u5927\u5b66\u30fb\u897f\u65e9\u7a32\u7530\u30ad\u30e3\u30f3\u30d1\u30b9<br>\n<br>\n<strong>11<\/strong>\u300c\u592a\u967d\u96fb\u6c60\u5316\u5408\u7269(Cu1-XLiX)2SnS3\u306e\u5408\u6210\u3068\u5149\u5b66\u7684\u7279\u6027\u300d<br>\n\u4e2d\u7530\u8aa0\u77e2\u30fb\u524d\u7530 \u6bc5\u30fb\u548c\u7530\u9686\u535a<br>\n2018\u5e74\u7b2c65\u56de\u5fdc\u7528\u7269\u7406\u5b66\u4f1a\u6625\u5b63\u5b66\u8853\u8b1b\u6f14\u4f1a<br>\n2018\u5e743\u670817\u65e5(\u571f) \u301c 20\u65e5(\u706b), \u65e9\u7a32\u7530\u5927\u5b66\u30fb\u897f\u65e9\u7a32\u7530\u30ad\u30e3\u30f3\u30d1\u30b9<br>\n<h3>\u56fd\u969b\u4f1a\u8b70<\/h3>\n1. \u201cOptical propeties and band structures of Cu-deficient phases, Cu(In,Ga)3Se5, Cu(In,Ga)5Se8 in Cu-poor Cu2Se-(In,Ga)2Se3 pseudo-binary system\u201d<br>\nT. Wada, T. Maeda,&nbsp;M. Watanabe<br>\n2017 MRS Spring Meeting &amp; Exhibit<br>\nApril 17-21, 2017, Phoenix (USA).<br>\n<strong>2<\/strong>. \u201cFirst-principles studies of CuIn5Se8, CuGa5Se8, CuIn5S8, and CuGa5S8\u201d<br>\nT. Maeda, S. Nakashima, K. Ueda, T. Wada<br>\nE-MRS 2017 Spring Meeting<br>\nMay 22-26, 2017, Strasbiurg (France).<br>\n<strong>3<\/strong>. \u201cCrystallographic and optical properties of Cu(In,Ga)3Se5\u201d<br>\nK. Ueda, T. Maeda, and T. Wada<br>\nE-MRS 2017 Spring Meeting<br>\nMay 22-26, 2017, Strasbiurg (France).<br>\n<strong>4<\/strong>. \u201cOptical properties and band structures of Cu2(GexSn1-x)S3 photovoltaic materials\u201d<br>\nQ. Chen, T. Maeda, and T. Wada<br>\nE-MRS 2017 Spring Meeting<br>\nMay 22-26, 2017, Strasbiurg (France).<br>\n<strong>5.<\/strong>\u201cFabrication of (K0.5Na0.5)NbO3 based transparent ceramics by a pressureless, conventional sintering technique\u201d<br>\nK. Hirai, I. Fujii, and T. Wada<br>\n12th Pacific Rim Conference on Ceramic and Glass Technology (PACRIM 12)<br>\nMay 21-26, 2017, Hilton Waikoloa Village, Hawaii (USA).<br>\n<strong><span style=\"color: #ff0000;\">[Invited]<\/span>\n6<\/strong>. \u201cOptical properties and band structures of Cu(In,Ga)Se2 and Cu-deficient Phases, Cu(In,Ga)3Se5 and Cu(In,Ga)5Se8\u201d<br>\nThe 6th International Symposium on Organic and Inorganic Electronic Materials and Related Nanotechnologies (EM-NANO 2017)<br>\nT. Wada and T. Maeda<br>\nJuly 19-21, 2017, Fukui (Japan).<br>\n<strong>7<\/strong>.\u201cFIRST PRINCIPLES STUDIES ON EFFECTS OF LIGHT AND HEAVY ALKALI ELEMENTS IN Cu(In,Ga)Se2 SOLAR CELLS\u201d<br>\nT. Maeda and T. Wada<br>\n<strong>2FrO3.4<\/strong>\nThe 27th International Photovoltaic Science and Engineering Conference (PVSEC-27) November 12-17, 2017, Otsu (Japan).<br>\n<strong>8.<\/strong>\u201cCRYSTALLOGRAPHIC, OPTICAL, AND ELECTRONIC PROPERTIES OF (Cu, Li)In(S,Se)2 SYSTEM\u201d<br>\nT. Kusumoto, T. Maeda, and T. Wada<br>\n<strong>2TuPo.109<\/strong>\nThe 27th International Photovoltaic Science and Engineering Conference (PVSEC-27) November 12-17, 2017, Otsu (Japan).<br>\n<strong>9.<\/strong>\u201cFIRST PRINCIPLES STUDY ON PHASE STABILITIES AND ELECTRONIC STRUCTURES OF STANNITE-TYPE CuIn5Se8 AND RELATED COMPOUNDS, CuIn5S8, CuGa5Se8, CuGa5S8, AgIn5Se8, AgIn5S8, AnGa5Se8, and AgGa5S8\u201d<br>\nS. Nakashima, T. Maeda, and T. Wada<br>\n<strong>2TuPo.70<\/strong>\nThe 27th International Photovoltaic Science and Engineering Conference (PVSEC-27) November 12-17, 2017, Otsu (Japan).<br>\n<strong>10.<\/strong>\u201cFABRICATION OF P-TYPE CONDUCTIVE BaCuSF SINGLE LAYER AND BaCuSF\/ITO BILAYER FILMS AND PPLICATION TO BACK CONTACT OF CdS\/CdTe SOLAR CELLS\u201d<br>\nK. Miki, T. Kawabe, Y. Shiina, S. Okamoto, T. Okamoto, and T. Wada<br>\n<strong>2ThPo77<\/strong>\nThe 27th International Photovoltaic Science and Engineering Conference (PVSEC-27) November 12-17, 2017, Otsu (Japan).<br>\n<strong>11.<\/strong>\u201cFIRST PRINCIPLES STUDIES ON FORMATION OF MoSe2 AT INTERFACES BETWEEN ABSORBER AND Mo LAYERS IN Cu(In,Ga)Se2 AND Cu2ZnSn(S,Se)4 SOLAR CELLS\u201d<br>\nA. Shigemi and T. Wada<br>\n<strong>2ThPo.78<\/strong>\nThe 27th International Photovoltaic Science and Engineering Conference (PVSEC-27) November 12-17, 2017, Otsu (Japan).<br>\n<strong>12.<\/strong>\u201cOPTICAL PROPERTIES AND ELECTRONIC PROPERTIES OF<br>\nCu2Zn(Ge,Sn)Se4 AND Cu2Zn(Ge,Sn)S4\u201d<br>\nK. Tsuji, T. Maeda, and T. Wada<br>\n<strong>2ThPo.80<\/strong>\nThe 27th International Photovoltaic Science and Engineering Conference (PVSEC-27) November 12-17, 2017, Otsu (Japan).<br>\n<strong>13<\/strong>.\u201cOPTICAL PROPERTIRS AND BAND STRUCTURES OF Cu2(Ge,Sn)S3 AND Cu2(Ge,Sn)Se3\u201d<br>\nQ. Chen, T. Maeda, and T. Wada<br>\n<strong>2ThPo81<\/strong>\nThe 27th International Photovoltaic Science and Engineering Conference (PVSEC-27) November 12-17, 2017, Otsu (Japan).<br>\n<strong>14.<\/strong>\u201cCONCEPT OF BACK CONTACT IN CIGS SOLAR CELLS FOR HIGHER EFFICIENCY\u201d<br>\nM. Nishitani ans T. Wada<br>\n<strong>2ThPo.101<\/strong>\nThe 27th International Photovoltaic Science and Engineering Conference (PVSEC-27) November 12-17, 2017, Otsu (Japan).<br>\n<strong>15.<\/strong>\u201cCRYSTALLOGRAPHIC, AND OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF CHALCOPYRITE-TYPE, (Cu1-xAgx)InSe2 AND STANNITE-TYPE (Cu1-xAgx)In3Se5 AND (Cu1-xAgx)In5Se8 SYSTEMS\u201d<br>\nT. Ishida, T. Maeda,&nbsp; and T. Wada<br>\n<strong>2ThPo.105<\/strong>\nThe 27th International Photovoltaic Science and Engineering Conference (PVSEC-27) November 12-17, 2017, Otsu (Japan).<br>\n<strong>16.<\/strong>\u201cEVALUATION OF SrCuSeF AS A P-TYPE TCO FOR TUNNEL JUNCTION OF THIN FILM TANDEM SOLAR CELLS\u201d<br>\nK. Nakada, N. Chiwaki, K. Miki,&nbsp; T. Wada, and A. Yamada<br>\n<strong>2ThPo.107<\/strong>\nThe 27th International Photovoltaic Science and Engineering Conference (PVSEC-27) November 12-17, 2017, Otsu (Japan).<br>\n<strong>17.<\/strong>\u201cApplication of SrCuSeF and ITO Bilayer Ohmic Tunnel Junctions as Hole Transport Layer for Perovskite Solar Cells\u201d<br>\nJ. Tsuji, K. Miki, K. Kawakita, A. Kinoshita, T. Wada, and Y. Aoi<br>\n<strong>5ThPo.163<\/strong>\nThe 27th International Photovoltaic Science and Engineering Conference (PVSEC-27) November 12-17, 2017, Otsu (Japan).<br>\n<strong><span style=\"color: #ff0000;\">[Invited]<\/span><\/strong>\n<strong>18<\/strong>\u201cBAND ENGINEERING OF Cu(In,Ga)Se2 FOR HIGH EFFICIENCY CIGS SOLAR CELLS\u201d<br>\nT. WADA and T. MAEDA<br>\n2018 Global Photovoltaic Conference (GPVC2018), March 14~16, 2018, Gwangju, (Korea).<br>\n<h3>\u5c55\u793a\u4f1a\u7b49\u3078\u306e\u51fa\u5c55<\/h3>\n<strong>1<\/strong>. \u300c\u9f8d\u8c37\u5927\u5b66 \u7406\u5de5\u5b66\u90e8 \u548c\u7530\u7814\u7a76\u5ba4\u300d, PVJapan2017, 2017\u5e747\u67085\u65e5(\u6c34) \u2013 7\u67087\u65e5(\u91d1), \u6771\u4eac\u30d3\u30c3\u30b0\u30b5\u30a4\u30c8, \u4e3b\u50ac: \u4e00\u822c\u793e\u56e3\u6cd5\u4eba \u592a\u967d\u5149\u767a\u96fb\u5354\u4f1a","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>\u56fd\u5185\u5b66\u4f1a 1. \u300c\u901a\u5e38\u713c\u7d50\u6cd5\u306b\u3088\u308b0.9((Mg,Zn)1\/3Nb2\/3)O3-0.1PbTiO3\u7cfb\u900f\u660e\u30bb\u30e9\u30df\u30c3\u30af\u30b9\u306e\u4f5c\u88fd\u300d \u85e4\u4e95\u4e00\u90ce\u30fb\u4e2d\u5d8b\u6c99\u5b63\u30fb\u548c\u7530\u9686\u535a \u7b2c34\u56de\u5f37\u8a98\u96fb\u4f53\u5fdc\u7528\u4f1a\u8b70(FMA34) 2017\/5\/31\uff5e6\/ &hellip; <a href=\"https:\/\/blog.chem.ryukoku.ac.jp\/wada\/lecture-presentation\/presentation2017\/\">Continue reading <span class=\"meta-nav\">&rarr;<\/span><\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":0,"parent":17,"menu_order":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","template":"","meta":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/blog.chem.ryukoku.ac.jp\/wada\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/1348"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/blog.chem.ryukoku.ac.jp\/wada\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/blog.chem.ryukoku.ac.jp\/wada\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/page"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/blog.chem.ryukoku.ac.jp\/wada\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/blog.chem.ryukoku.ac.jp\/wada\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=1348"}],"version-history":[{"count":17,"href":"https:\/\/blog.chem.ryukoku.ac.jp\/wada\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/1348\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":1621,"href":"https:\/\/blog.chem.ryukoku.ac.jp\/wada\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/1348\/revisions\/1621"}],"up":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/blog.chem.ryukoku.ac.jp\/wada\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/17"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/blog.chem.ryukoku.ac.jp\/wada\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=1348"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}